When you’re evaluating a home, one of the biggest factors for comfort, cost, and resale value is the heating and cooling system. Here’s a quick look at the most common options you’ll encounter in Knoxville and beyond:
Forced-Air Furnace + Central AC
- Pros: Common, reliable, works with air filters.
- Cons: Can lose efficiency through duct leaks; electric furnaces cost more to run.
- Tip: Ask the age of both the furnace (inside) and the AC condenser (outside) — they’re often installed at different times.
- Replacement Cost: $9,000–$18,000 for both units.
Heat Pumps (Air-Source)
- Pros: Provides both heating and cooling; very efficient in moderate climates.
- Cons: Less effective in extreme cold, often needs backup heat.
- Tip: Check whether the system has auxiliary or emergency heat for cold snaps.
- Replacement Cost: $8,000–$20,000.
Geothermal Heat Pumps
- Pros: Extremely efficient, lowest operating costs, eco-friendly.
- Cons: High upfront expense; requires suitable land for ground loops.
- Tip: Ask about the age of the loop system — loops can last 50+ years, while the pump itself will need replacement sooner.
- Replacement Cost: $18,000–$45,000.
Boilers & Radiant Heat
- Pros: Quiet, even heat; radiant floors feel luxurious.
- Cons: Heat only (no cooling); slower to adjust temps; fewer service providers locally.
- Tip: Ask about recent service records — neglected boilers can be expensive to bring back into shape.
- Replacement Cost: $7,000–$15,000.
Ductless Mini-Splits
- Pros: Excellent for zoning, no ducts required, very efficient.
- Cons: Higher upfront cost per zone; indoor units remain visible.
- Tip: Check how many zones the home has and whether all key spaces are covered.
- Replacement Cost: $4,000–$8,000 per zone.
Gas vs. Electric: What’s the Difference?
- Gas: Typically lower monthly costs where gas service is available; produces hotter heat and warms a space quickly. Requires venting and carbon monoxide safety monitoring.
- Electric: Easier where no gas service exists; lower upfront installation cost; but higher operating bills unless paired with an efficient heat pump.
- Tip: In Tennessee, gas heat is usually preferred for efficiency, but modern high-efficiency heat pumps have made all-electric homes much more competitive.
Quick Takeaway:
When touring homes, ask about system type, age, and maintenance history, and don’t be afraid to request recent utility bills. HVAC replacements can range from $5,000 to $20,000+, so knowing what you’re walking into is critical.
